Glossary of Higher Ed. Terms | Montgomery College, Maryland

Glossary of Higher Education Terms
Term	Definition
学者	Anything directly related to the delivery of instruction. Course descriptions, Class Schedules, Faculty Information, Graduation Requirements, etc. (as distinct from "student services").
Academic Adviser	A counselor or instructional faculty member who helps you select your classes and helps you identify your career and/or transfer interests.
Academic Alert	A student will be placed on academic alert if he or she has a cumulative grade point average (GPA) below 2.0 and is not on academic restriction or suspension.
Academic Regulations	Academic Regulations are the official policies and rules of the institution which apply to faculty, staff and students concerning matters which directly affect academic standards. Includes such topics as academic standards, grading system and standards, registration and withdrawal from classes, choosing and/or changing your curriculum, petition and appeal, and much more.MC Academic Regulations may be examined online.
Academic Restriction	A student who has attempted 12 credit hours or more and whose cumulative GPA falls below 1.75 will be placed on academic restriction.
Academic Suspension	A student who has attempted 30 credit hours or more and whose cumulative GPA falls below 1.25 will be placed on academic suspension.
Accelerated Program	Completion of a college program of study in fewer than the usual number of years, most often by attending summer sessions and carrying extra courses during the regular academic term.
Accreditation	A process by which an institution is determined to have met an acceptable level of quality.
Accuplacer	蒙哥马利学院(Montgomery世界杯摩洛哥vs克罗地亚欧赔 College)用来评估新生阅读、英语和数学技能的测试工具。Accuplacer测试的结果可以帮助辅导员和学术顾问推荐合适的课程安排。
Admission	The process of becoming officially recognized as a student. Once admitted to a particular institution, you do not have to go through this process again unless you stop out from this institution for an extended period of time. You must fill out an admissions application form and submit it to Montgomery College to begin the admissions process. (see also " registration", which is required every semester during which you wish to take classes).
Adult Student Services	Admissions assistance, support, orientation, and other services expressly for adults who have started college for the first time, or who are re-entering after a lapse of a few years.
AELP	美国英语语言项目——为第一语言不是英语的学生开设的课程。
Alumni	Persons who have graduated from the institution.
Advising	Shorthand for "academic advising" -- assistance with the process of planning what courses need to be taken in what sequence in order to reach your academic goal. In the early stages of your college career, while still formulating your goals, some advising might be provided by counselors. Once you have selected a curriculum, advising will become a part of your interaction with the full-time faculty in the related department.
Applicant (first-time, first-year)	An individual who has fulfilled the requirements to be considered for admission (including payment or waiving of the application fee, if any) and who will be notified of one of the following actions: admission, denial, placement on the waiting list, or application withdrawn (by applicant or institution).
Application Fee	The amount of money charged for processing a student's application for admission. This amount is not creditable to tuition and required fees, nor is it refundable if the student is not admitted to the institution.
Articulation Agreement	一种院校之间的协议，至少在选定的学习项目中，该协议提供了从一个机构到另一个机构顺利转移学分的保证。世界杯摩洛哥vs克罗地亚欧赔蒙哥马利学院有许多正式的协议，最突出的是与马里兰大学系统机构。
Assessment Level	A course requirement that indicates the level of college-readiness a student must have in English, reading, or mathematics in order to enroll in a course.
Assessment Test	英语、阅读和数学的基本技能测试，将学生归入某些课程，并决定其他课程的资格。
Associate's Degree	An award that is generally earned after completing at least two years but less than four years of full time equivalent, required college coursework.
Audit	A way to register (and pay) for a " credit" course without receiving a letter grade on your transcript. Used for several reasons: among the most common being to review material for which you already have a passing grade on your record, or for courses taken purely out of personal interest which are not required in your chosen curriculum.
Bachelor's Degree	学位(学士学位或同等学位，由美国教育部部长决定)，通常需要至少四年但不超过五年的全日制同等大学水平课程。
Campus	所有这些发生的地方——建筑、停车场、运动场等等。世界杯摩洛哥vs克罗地亚欧赔蒙哥马利学院有三个校区，分别位于日耳曼敦、罗克维尔和塔科马公园。一些课程也在“校外”提供，这通常意味着实际课程在学院不拥有的建筑中进行——例如，在一些企业提供的空间，有兴趣为他们的员工提供一些下班后学习的机会。
Career Program	一门主要为毕业后直接进入工作岗位而设计的课程，尽管有些课程也提供了延伸到四年制学位的选择。例如:广告艺术，景观技术，或微机修复。
Catalog	包含蒙哥马利学院的学术信息的一本书，包括学位要求、课程大纲和大学政策。世界杯摩洛哥vs克罗地亚欧赔
Certificate	A record of successful completion of a shorter program of study (generally 12-38 credits), typically with application to skills needed for immediate entry into the workplace (see also "degree").
Closed Class	A course for which the maximum number of students is already enrolled. A student cannot enroll in such a class unless someone drops and a seat becomes available.
Concurrent Enrollment	有资格的高中三年级和四年级学生获得大学学分的机会。世界杯摩洛哥vs克罗地亚欧赔蒙哥马利学院在蒙哥马利县公立学校和蒙哥马利学院提供多个并行招生项目。
Continuing Education	The unit with most direct responsibility for planning and delivering non-credit courses. The name is intended to reflect the fact that the largest demand for such instruction tends to come from adults returning to school seeking to expand their job skills, their life skills (courses in taxes, investment, or home repair), or simply to stretch their minds. The unit is officially called "Workforce Development and Continuing Education" at Montgomery College, to reflect renewed emphasis on working with local employers to help meet their training needs, particularly in rapidly changing "hi-tech" fields. May include some credit as well as non-credit offerings.
Corequisite	A course that must be taken at the same time as another course.
Course	The typical unit of instruction from which students assemble their educational experience. Traditionally, a certain number of hours per week over the span of a semester, during which a particular set of subject matter is investigated under the guidance of a single teacher. The College Catalog contains descriptions of all courses offered by the college including information about credits earned, pre-requisites if any, type of instruction used, and specific content that will be studied.
Course Number	分配给特定课程的编号(例如en101)。
Counseling	The catch-all name for professional guidance in just about any area that might be related to your College success. Could mean anything from development of better study skills to assistance with serious personal issues. "Counselors" are the faculty and staff with professional credentials in this field. Can overlap with academic " advising", particularly in the early semesters of planning your educational goals.
CRN	Course Reference Number. The unique identifier for each class section that is used for filling out registration forms.
Credit	Has several closely related meanings: A measure of the total instructional content of each course, usually related to the total hours of instruction. The term "credits" is relatively modern shorthand for the phrase "credit hours". As an example, a History course which meets for three one-hour sessions a week over a traditional 15-week semester would be identified as a 3-credit course. The laboratory portion of a Chemistry course, on the other hand, would typically require 3 or 4 hours of scheduled time in the lab each week to earn one credit. Graduation requirements (and tuition charges) are based on credits. 主要为获得学位或证书而设计的课程通常被称为“学分课程”，有别于为其他目的设计的“非学分”课程(参见“继续教育”)。 In discussions of grade-point calculations, "credit" is sometimes used to mean any course in which a grade of A-F was earned -- as distinct from courses taken as " audit".
Counseling	The catch-all name for professional guidance in just about any area that might be related to your College success. Could mean anything from development of better study skills to assistance with serious personal issues. "Counselors" are the faculty and staff with professional credentials in this field. Can overlap with academic " advising", particularly in the early semesters of planning your educational goals.
Curriculum	也被称为“研究计划”。为满足特定的职业或转学目标而设计的一套必修课和选修课，成功完成后可获得某种学位或证书。课程描述通常不仅列出了必修课程的列表，而且还列出了其中一些课程应该(或必须)被接受的顺序(先决条件，和/或附加条件)。
Degree	Official confirmation by the institution that you have successfully completed an extended program of studies. Traditional 4-year undergraduate programs lead to the Bachelor's Degree. Montgomery College offers 2-year Associate degrees in Arts, Science, and Applied Sciences -- some designed as direct preparation for immediate entry into a career, others for transfer into a 4-year program upon completion.
Degree Audit	一种建议工具，帮助学生知道为了毕业获得特定学位还需要修哪些课程。
Degree Seeking Student	A student who is enrolled in courses for credit which will lead to a formal award, e.g. associate's degree, bachelor's degree.
Department	教师通常按学科划分为部门，以协助有效的规划和项目发展活动。根据学校的规模，一个系可能只包含一个或几个学科。
Developmental Course	A course that prepares students for success in subsequent college-level courses. Typically have course numbers that begin with zero (e.g. IERW001, IERW002, MATH045, MATH045...). Credits earned in a developmental course will NOT count toward satisfying any degree or certificate program requirement.
Discipline	通常指在大学目录中以四个字母作为前缀的一组课程的名称，如英语、护理学、生物学。在中学里，"科目"的意思是一样的。(See also " department")
Distance Learning	Has come to mean any use of modern communications technology to allow interaction between instructor and students outside the scope of the traditional classroom. Can mean television, internet, the web, or any combination of the above. Some Montgomery College courses are taught entirely in distance learning mode. Others include distance components to augment more traditional face-to-face instruction.
Drop	在课程表调整期间离开某一特定班级。
Early Placement Program	A policy under which students who have not completed high school are admitted and enroll in college, usually after completion of their junior year (see concurrent enrollment).
Elective	A course in which the student has some choice or selection -- as distinct from a course that is absolutely required in a particular curriculum. In many cases, "electives" may be limited within categories -- as for example to satisfy General Education requirements where some elective credits must be taken from Humanities, others from Arts, others from Science, etc.
Faculty	In its simplest usage -- those directly responsible to plan and deliver the academic program. "Full-Time" faculty are assigned many regular duties above and beyond hours devoted to individual courses, including responsibilities for program development, curriculum advising, and service on a wide variety of committees and task forces within the College. "Part-Time" faculty are generally assigned to teach only one or two courses in any given semester, with no formal duties outside the scope of those courses.
FAFSA	The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) is the application for education loans and grants from the federal government.
FERPA	A set of regulations that guarantees a student the right to inspect and review his/her educational records, the right to amend those educational records, and the right to some control over the disclosure of the records.
Freshman	Traditional name for first-year students in four-year degree programs. At MC, a freshman is any student who has earned fewer than 28 credit hours.
Full-Time Student	一个学期注册12个或更多学分的学生。
Good Academic Standing	A student with a cumulative GPA of 2.0 or better.
GPA (gpa)	Shorthand for "grade point average". The standard measure for determining overall academic standing. Montgomery College, like almost all US institutions, uses the scale A=4, B=3, C=2, D=1 and F=0. No other grades (Audit or Withdraw, for example) are included in computing the GPA. Grade points for each course are multiplied by the number of credits assigned to that course, these values are summed, and that total is finally divided by the total number of credits for these courses to arrive at the GPA.
Honors Program	One of any special programs for high achieving students offering the opportunity for educational enrichment, independent study, acceleration or some combination of these (see honors programs).
Independent Study	Academic work chosen or designed by the student with the approval of the department concerned, under an instructor's supervision, and usually undertaken outside the regular classroom structure.
Major	Shorthand for "major subject". Nowadays means about the same thing as "curriculum" or "program of study"
Matriculate	To be formally accepted as a degree or certificate candidate in a specific curriculum or major. i.e. "I think I'll be a Communications major" would translate more formally as "I plan to matriculate in the Communications curriculum".
Orientation	A program of activities for new students designed to introduce them to some of the essential knowledge and skills for a successful College experience. May include topics ranging from selection of courses to child care and parking.
Override	Written or electronic permission given by a counselor or faculty adviser to enter a class.
Part-time Student	A student enrolled in fewer than 12 credit hours in a semester.
Pre-requisite	在学习其他课程之前必须成功完成某些课程的要求。有时要求在较早的课程中获得C或更好的成绩——如果是这样，这将在后面的课程描述中明确说明。
Professor	Instructor of a college-level course.
Program of Study	See curriculum.
Quality Points	学期学分乘以字母分数的数值。
R	Abbreviation for "Thursday" in the Montgomery College schedule of classes.
Registration	The process of planning your courses every semester, and reserving your place by paying the tuition bill. Can now be done entirely online by many students who have already been admitted to Montgomery College.
Schedule of Classes	A guide to classes for each semester, with specific information about instructors, times, and locations.
Semester	Period of time within which a course will be completed. Traditionally 15 weeks long -- so that a basic three credit hour course would be one that met three hours each week for 15 weeks, or a total of 45 hours of instructional time. Montgomery College has regular 15-week semesters in the "Fall" (early September - late December) and in the "Spring" (late January - early May). Also two Summer Semesters, each lasting for only about 5 calendar weeks, so about three times as many class hours per week as during a regular semester to reach same total instructional time.
Sophomore	Traditional name for second-year students in four-year degree programs. At MC, a sophomore is any student who has earned at least 28 credit hours.
Student Services	学院提供的服务不是明确的“学术”。e.g. Bookstores, Counseling, Career Centers, Child Care, Dining Facilities, Financial Aid, Internship programs, Parking, Placement Centers, Security Assistance, etc.
Syllabus	由教师准备的关于某一学期某一门课程计划的基本信息的摘要文件。Can include such things as textbook lists, office hours, test dates, required assignments, chapters to be covered, learning objectives, etc.
TBA	待公布——在课程表上可以看到，当课程表发送给印刷工人时，还不知道确切的讲师，有时也不知道确切的教室。
Transcript	A formal record of grades received in all courses you have taken, and whether any degrees or certificates have been successfully completed. Must generally be sent directly from one College to the other when planning to transfer, or when applying to begin a higher degree program.
Transfer Program	这是一个为期两年的课程，专门为学士学位课程的前半部分转学分做准备。世界杯摩洛哥vs克罗地亚欧赔蒙哥马利学院有许多课程，特别是与马里兰大学系统机构顺利过渡到四年制课程。
Tuition	The fees charged specifically to cover the cost of instruction -- generally computed by a formula based upon credit hours.
U	Abbreviation for "Sunday" used in the Montgomery College schedule of classes.
Vice President and Provost	The chief academic officer on campus.
Withdraw	The act of filing paperwork to remove yourself from the official class roster, either for a single course or for an entire semester. If done early enough in the semester the course (or courses) will not appear on your transcript at all. Is not allowed within about the last three weeks of the semester. For the rest of the semester, will show on your transcript as a W grade. Exact dates for these withdraw periods are published in the Semester Calendar for each semester. Terminating your class participation without completing the "withdraw" paperwork can lead to a grade of F on your record.
Work-Study Student	A student employee receiving financial aid.